ODNR Division of Wildlife - A to Z Species Guide - Purple Martin

Purple Martin

purple martin

Few birds are as intimately associated with people as the purple martin. Historically, they would have nested in large tree hollows, but humans have been enticing them to nest close at hand since early Native Americans began placing hollowed out gourds near their villages.

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Purple Martin

Progne subis

At-a-Glance

• Incubation: 15-18 days

• Clutch Size: 3-8 eggs

• Young Fledge: 26-31 days after hatching

• Typical Foods: insects

Description
Martins are large swallows. Males have dark purple plumage that usually appears black. Females are dark gray with some purple coloration. The tail is forked.

Habitat and Habits
The purple martin inhabits large, open areas, particularly those with water bodies nearby. Their pleasant, liquid gurgling notes are distinctive.

Reproduction and Care of the Young
Purple martins nest in colonies and are very dependent upon man-made nest boxes. Nests are made of grass, twigs, and mud. Both parents feed the young.