ODNR Division of Wildlife - A to Z Species Guide - Northern Harrier

Northern Harrier

Once known as marsh hawk, Northern harriers are one of our more easily identified raptors. Harriers hunt by flying close to the ground and taking small animals by surprise.

Listen

Northern Harrier

Circus cyaneus

At-a-Glance

• Peak Breeding Activity: April-July

• Incubation: 28-36 days

• Clutch Size: 3-5 eggs

• Young Fledge: 30-35 days after hatching

• Typical Foods: small mammals

Description
This hawk has long wings and a long tail. The male is mostly gray with black tipped wings and a white rump. The female is mostly brown and streaked below.

Habitat and Habits
Harriers hunt low over grasslands, with wings held in a distinctive dihedral (V-shape). The white rump is also a conspicuous field mark. This is a common migrant and winter species; nesters are much rarer, although they occasionally breed in large marhes and grasslands. While mostly silent, harriers occasionally utter a loud, shrill whistle, particularly when disturbed near nests. Winter birds sometimes give gruff, low barks.

Reproduction and Care of the Young
Harriers often nest in loose colonies. The female builds a nest out of sticks on the ground, often on top of a mound.