Technology Standards (Grades 11-12)
Standard 1 Nature of Technology
Benchmark A: Synthesize information, evaluate and make decisions about technologies.
Goal-directed Research
3. Invent a product using goal-directed research.
Standard 2 Technology and Society Interaction
Benchmark A: Interpret and practice responsible citizenship relative to technology.
Technology and Citizenship
1. Make informed choices among technology systems, resources and services.
Benchmark D: Analyze ethical and legal technology issues and formulate solutions and strategies that foster responsible technology usage.
Technology and Ethics
4. Practice responsible and ethical usage of technology.
Standard 3 Technology for Productivity Applications
Benchmark B: Identify, select and apply appropriate technology tools and resources to produce creative works and to construct technology-enhanced models.
Knowledge Generation
1. Assimilate productivity and technological tools into all aspects of solving problems and managing personal information and communications.
Standard 4 Technology and Communication Applications
Benchmark A: Apply appropriate communication design principles in published and presented projects.
Principles of Design
1. Facilitate message intent by incorporating design elements that contribute to the effectiveness of a specific communication medium into student-generated products (e.g., black and white footage to imply documented truth; set design that suggests cultural context).
Evaluation
2. Analyze the complexities and discrepancies found in communication products.
Benchmark B: Create, publish and present information, utilizing formats appropriate to the content and audience.
Use of Communications
1. Use Web technologies to disseminate information to a broader audience.
Benchmark C: Identify communication needs, select appropriate communication tools and design collaborative interactive projects and activities to communicate with others, incorporating emerging technologies.
Use of Communications
1. Communicate using all manifestations of e-mail as needed for personal and curricular purposes, demonstrating appropriate and responsible use.
2. Use all available online communication capabilities to make inquiries, do research and disseminate results.
Standard 5 Technology and Information Literacy
Benchmark A: Determine and apply an evaluative process to all information sources chosen for a project.
Evaluating Sources
1. Evaluate information collected to answer both personal and curricular needs to determine its accuracy, authority, objectivity, currency and coverage.
2. Acknowledge intellectual property in using information sources.
3. Determine and apply an evaluative process to all information sources chosen for a project.
Benchmark B: Apply a research process model to conduct research and meet information needs.
Decide
2. Refine the information question to focus the research process, modifying the question as necessary to broaden or narrow the inquiry.
Find
3. Critique information sources to determine if different points of view are included.
4. Integrate multiple information sources in the research process.
Use
5. Create a product to communicate information, representing a personal point of view based on findings.
Check
7. Monitor progress and evaluate actions during the process, revising and incorporating new information as indicated by personal evaluation.
Benchmark C: Formulate advanced search strategies, demonstrating an understanding of the strengths and limitations of the Internet, and evaluate the quality and appropriate use of Internet resources.
Evaluating Sources
3. Synthesize search results retrieved from a variety of Internet resources to create an information product for a targeted audience.
Standard 6 Design
Benchmark A: Identify and produce a product or system using a design process, evaluate the final solution and communicate the findings.
Design Process
1. Implement the design process: defining a problem; brainstorming, researching and generating ideas; identifying criteria and specifying constraints; exploring possibilities; selecting an approach, developing a design proposal; making a model or prototype; testing and evaluating the design using specifications; refining the design; creating or making it; communicating processes and results; and implement and electronically document the design process.
3. Apply the separation principles to overcome contradictions in systems (e.g., time, space, combining or dividing systems, physical-chemical changes).
Technical Communication
5. Evaluate final solutions and communicate observations, processes and results of the entire design process using verbal, graphic, quantitative, virtual and written means, in addition to three-dimensional models.
6. Summarize to another person the enjoyment and gratification of designing/creating/producing a completed illustration, drawing, project, product or system.
Benchmark B: Recognize the role of teamwork in engineering design and of prototyping in the design process.
Design Process
1. Solve a problem as a group with students each taking a specific engineering role (e.g., design a light rail hub with students taking the roles of architect, civil engineer, mechanical engineer).
Quality Design
3. Develop and use a process to evaluate and rate several design solutions to the same problem.
Benchmark C: Understand and apply research, development and experimentation to problem-solving.
Design Team Collaboration
Links to Other Fields
2. List the disciplines that could contribute to a solution of a specific problem.
Standard 7 Designed World
Benchmark D: Classify, demonstrate, examine and appraise construction technologies.
Engineering Practice
Technical Standards
4. Identify and apply appropriate codes, laws, standards or regulations related to construction technologies (e.g., local building codes, Occupational Safety and Health Administration—OSH, National Electric Code—NEC, International Standards Organization—ISO, Ohio Environmental Protection Agency—Ohio EPA, American National Standards Institute—ANSI).
Benchmark F: Classify, demonstrate, examine and appraise medical technologies.
Design Applications
1. Describe how engineering design and management of agricultural systems require knowledge of artificial ecosystems and the effects of technological development on flora and fauna (e.g., green houses, fish farms, hydroponics, aquaculture).
Technology Assessment
2. Evaluate the effects of genetic engineering, fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides on the environment and the production of food.
Technical Standards
3. Identify and apply appropriate codes, laws, standards, or regulations related to agricultural and biotechnologies (e.g., Occupational Safety and Health Administration—OSHA, National Electric Code—NEC, International Standards Organization—ISO, Ohio Environmental Protection Agency—Ohio EPA, American National Standards Institute—ANSI, Ohio Department of Agriculture).
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